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Landers and Big Bear California Earthquakes, June 28, 1992identificationInfocontentInfo distributionInfo metadataMaintenance |
| (MI_Metadata) fileIdentifier: gov.noaa.ngdc.mgg.photos:G01210 language: eng; USA characterSet: (MD_CharacterSetCode) utf8 hierarchyLevel: (MD_ScopeCode) dataset contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty) individualName: Heather McCullough organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC > National Geophysical Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce contactInfo: (CI_Contact) phone: (CI_Telephone) voice: (303) 497-3707 facsimile: (303) 497-6513 address: (CI_Address) deliveryPoint: NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC E/GC3 325 Broadway city: Boulder administrativeArea: CO postalCode: 80305-3328 country: USA electronicMailAddress: Heather.McCullough@noaa.gov hoursOfService: 7:30 - 5:00 Mountain contactInstructions: Contact Data Center role: (CI_RoleCode)http://www.isotc211.org/2005/resources/Codelist/gmxCodelists.xml#CI_RoleCode dateStamp: 2011-04-06 metadataStandardName: ISO 19115-2 Geographic Information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for Imagery and Gridded Data metadataStandardVersion: ISO 19115-2:2009(E) return to top identificationInfo: (MD_DataIdentification) citation: (CI_Citation) title: Landers and Big Bear California Earthquakes, June 28, 1992 date: (CI_Date) date: 1994 dateType: (CI_DateTypeCode) publication edition: First identifier: (MD_Identifier) code: Document citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty) organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC > National Geophysical Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce (comp) role: (CI_RoleCode) originator citedResponsibleParty: (CI_ResponsibleParty) organisationName: National Geophysical Data Center contactInfo: (CI_Contact) address: (CI_Address) city: Boulder administrativeArea: CO role: (CI_RoleCode) publisher presentationForm: abstract: California residents were rudely awakened early Sunday morning June 28, 1992, by an earthquake of magnitude 7.6 (Ms) followed by a smaller 6.7 (s) magnitude earthquake about three hours later. The largest shock occurred approximately six miles southwest of Landers, California and 110 miles east of Los Angeles. The second earthquake was centered approximately eight miles southeast of Big Bear City in the San Bernardino Mountains near Barton Flats. A distance of seventeen miles and 7,000 feet in elevation separate the two earthquake locations. In addition to depicting the differences in terrain of the two locations, examples of structural damage, liquefaction, surface faulting, and earthquake generated landslides are illustrated. Statistics - The largest shock occurred at 4:58 AM PST approximately six miles southwest of Landers, California, and 110 miles east of Los Angeles. Seismicity and Geology - The first shock was the most powerful earthquake in the contiguous 48 states in forty years. The initial earthquake was reported felt throughout Southern California from the San Luis Obispo to the Mexico Border. It was felt outside California in Idaho, Colorado, New Mexico, and Nevada. The first shock occurred on the north-north-west striking Camp Rock, Emerson, and Johnson Valley faults and produced a forty-three mile-long surface rupture zone. In the Landers area there was about ten feet of right-lateral strike slip movement. The second shock occurred on a separate, previously unknown northeast trending left-lateral strike-slip fault that intersects the Camp Rock-Emerson fault. Scientists are investigating the possibility that these earthquakes may be related to a future event on the San Andreas fault, which together with the faults involved in this series of earthquakes forms a triangle of faults.Damage - Both earthquakes caused buildings to collapse, ignited fires, buckled roads, damaged water tanks and crippled water delivery systems, produced numerous rock slides in the San Bernardino Mountains, and derailed standing railroad boxcars near Barstow. The Landers earthquake was directly responsible for the death of a small child who was killed by the collapse of a rock fireplace. Together, the twin earthquakes caused two fatal heart attacks, more than 400 injuries, and left 750 people homeless. Preliminary estimates of property damage in San Bernardino County by officials of the State Office of Emergency Services for the two earthquakes was nearly $100 million, with more than half of the damage occurring in the Big Bear Lake region. The earthquakes and aftershocks damaged 4,446 homes and 166 businesses; destroyed 77 homes and 10 businesses. Total damage to private property was estimated at $64.5 million; public facilities reported $25.5 million damage. Roads and bridges in San Bernardino and Los Angeles counties sustained $500,000 in damage according to California Department of Transportation. In Riverside County, the losses were estimated at $950,000; most all of the damage was reported from the City of San Jacinto. Electricity was knocked out for several hours in the Landers area; in other communities power and communication links performed well with temporary outages. The damage to the water storage tanks and the breaks in the distribution system caused water shortages in many areas. A number of fires resulted from the earth shaking: Two residences burned down completely in Landers. In Yucca Valley two mobile homes caught fire and one burned down completely. Earth Effects - Priminary field measurements of movement along the fault line of the 7.5 magnitude earthquake indicate that sections of the fault slipped a maximum of eighteen feet horizontally and six feet vertically. The width of the rupture zone was reported to range from eleven feet at the narrowest point to 140 feet across at the widest point. Cracks in a dirt road about a mile from the South Fork campground entrance occurred as a result of the 6.7 magnitude earthquake. Small water spouts were also observed. The low death toll and structural damage for this series of earthquakes may be attributed to strengthened building code standards, firm ground, and wide-open spaces. A single factor that contributed to the low property damage and casualties was the fact that the force of the earthquake ruptured away from the major population centers. The Landers-Big Bear earthquake sequence shows that an earthquake on one fault system may trigger large tremors on other faults in the same area. purpose: Make available Damage Photos for research and education credit: Patricia Lockridge status: (MD_ProgressCode) completed pointOfContact: (CI_ResponsibleParty) individualName: Heather McCullough organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC > National Geophysical Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce contactInfo: (CI_Contact) phone: (CI_Telephone) voice: (303) 497-3707 facsimile: (303) 497-6513 address: (CI_Address) deliveryPoint: NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC E/GC3 325 Broadway city: Boulder administrativeArea: CO postalCode: 80305-3328 country: USA electronicMailAddress: Heather.McCullough@noaa.gov hoursOfService: 7:30 - 5:00 Mountain contactInstructions: Contact Data Center role: (CI_RoleCode) pointOfContact resourceMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation) maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: (MD_MaintenanceFrequencyCode) notPlanned graphicOverview: (MD_BrowseGraphic) fileName: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazard/icons/small_res/17/17_345.jpg fileDescription: The Hudson residence was located north of Landers and south of Johnson Valley near the intersection of Linn and Dusty Mile Roads. The hilltop house was located about 20 yards from the fault scarp that exhibited a 4-foot vertical offset. The north-south oriented residence, a single-story, wood-frame construction, was set on a concrete slab foundation. The house, anchored to the foundation with bolts, was heaved off the foundation to the west about five feet. Some anchor bolts remained vertical while others were bent (flattened) over to the west. A deep crack in the concrete slab sliced through the living room area in a general east-to-west direction. The crack appeared to be five or more inches in width in some places. The intense shaking distorted the wood-frame, (the interior and exterior walls were out of vertical plumb) destroyed the reinforced chimney, and shattered the inside fireplace. fileType: JPEG descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords) keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > Seismology > Earthquake Occurrences keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > SOLID EARTH > Tectonics > Faults type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme thesaurusName: (CI_Citation) title: NASA/GCMD Earth Science Keywords date: descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords) keyword: geoscientificInformation type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme thesaurusName: (CI_Citation) title: ISO Topic Keywords date: descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords) keyword: WDC/MGG, BOULDER > World Data Center for Marine Geology and Geophysics, Boulder keyword: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC > National Geophysical Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) theme thesaurusName: (CI_Citation) title: NASA/GCMD Data Center Keywords date: descriptiveKeywords: (MD_Keywords) keyword: North And Central America > United States > California > San Bernadino > Landers keyword: North And Central America > United States > California > San Bernadino > Big Bear City type: (MD_KeywordTypeCode) place thesaurusName: (CI_Citation) title: Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names date: resourceConstraints: (MD_LegalConstraints) accessConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions useConstraints: (MD_RestrictionCode) otherRestrictions otherConstraints: Access Constraints: None Use Constraints: None Distribution Liability: While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation) aggregateDataSetIdentifier: (MD_Identifier) authority: (CI_Citation) title: Container Packet ID date: code: gov.noaa.ngdc.mgg.photos:G01143 associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) aggregationInfo: (MD_AggregateInformation) aggregateDataSetIdentifier: (MD_Identifier) code: G01210-SLI-A0001 associationType: (DS_AssociationTypeCode) language: eng; USA extent: (EX_Extent) geographicElement: (EX_GeographicBoundingBox) westBoundLongitude: -116.8 eastBoundLongitude: -116.19 southBoundLatitude: 34.08 northBoundLatitude: 34.2 temporalElement: (EX_TemporalExtent) extent: TimeInstant: description: Publication Date timePosition: 1992-06-28 return to top contentInfo: return to top distributionInfo: (MD_Distribution) distributionFormat: (MD_Format) name: version: distributor: (MD_Distributor) distributorContact: (CI_ResponsibleParty) individualName: User Services organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC > National Geophysical Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce contactInfo: (CI_Contact) phone: (CI_Telephone) voice: (303) 497-6826 facsimile: (303) 497-6513 address: (CI_Address) deliveryPoint: NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC E/GC 325 Broadway city: Boulder administrativeArea: CO postalCode: 80305-3328 country: USA electronicMailAddress: ngdc.info@noaa.gov hoursOfService: 7:30 - 5:00 Mountain role: (CI_RoleCode) distributor distributionOrderProcess: (MD_StandardOrderProcess) fees: $25.00 plus handling & shipment outside the USA orderingInstructions: Non-Digital Form: 35 mm slides: Landers and Big Bear, California Earthquakes, June 28, 1992 Ordering Instructions: Product may be ordered via our online store at: http://ols.nndc.noaa.gov/plolstore/plsql/olstore.prodspecific?prodnum=G01210-SLI-A0001 turnaround: 4 Days distributionOrderProcess: (MD_StandardOrderProcess) fees: $25.00 plus handling plus shipment outside the USA orderingInstructions: Ordering Instructions: Product may be dowloaded via: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?eq_1=17&t=101634&s=0&d=4&d=44 turnaround: None transferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions) onLine: (CI_OnlineResource) linkage: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/nndc/struts/results?eq_1=17&t=101634&s=0&d=4&d=44 onLine: (CI_OnlineResource) linkage: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazard/ onLine: (CI_OnlineResource) linkage: http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazardimages/ transferOptions: (MD_DigitalTransferOptions) offLine: (MD_Medium) name: (MD_MediumNameCode) cdRom mediumFormat: (MD_MediumFormatCode) iso9660 return to top metadataMaintenance: (MD_MaintenanceInformation) maintenanceAndUpdateFrequency: maintenanceNote: This metadata was automatically generated from the Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata: Extensions for Remote Sensing Metadata standard version FGDC-STD-012-2002 using the June 2011 version of the FGDC RSE to ISO 19115-2 transform. The Spatial Reference Information is not currently mapped over to ISO but will be mapped in future versions. contact: (CI_ResponsibleParty) individualName: Heather McCullough organisationName: DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC > National Geophysical Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce contactInfo: (CI_Contact) phone: (CI_Telephone) voice: (303) 497-3707 facsimile: (303) 497-6513 address: (CI_Address) deliveryPoint: NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC E/GC3 325 Broadway city: Boulder administrativeArea: CO postalCode: 80305-3328 country: USA electronicMailAddress: Heather.McCullough@noaa.gov hoursOfService: 7:30 - 5:00 Mountain contactInstructions: Contact Data Center role: (CI_RoleCode) custodian |
