gov.noaa.csc.maps:mi2004 DOC/NOAA/NOS/CSC/CRS > Coastal Remote Sensing Program, Coastal Services Center, National Ocean Service, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce 20061019 1st Edition http://www.csc.noaa.gov/lidar This metadata document describes the collection and processing of Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) data over an area along the coast of Saginaw Bay, Lake Huron, Michigan. Data was collected at a nominal two (2) meter post spacing between points. The elevations in this data set represent the first surface returns. Features that are above the ground - such as buildings, bridges, tree tops, etc. - have NOT been eliminated. This LIDAR collected under this task order has been supplied to the NOAA, Coastal Services Center (CSC) to support local Coastal Zone Managers in their decision-making processes. 20040427 20040504 Ground Condition Complete None planned -83.969892 -82.946673 44.345024 43.551754 None elevation lidar laser beach topography digital elevation model DEM erosion Geographic Names Information System United States of America (USA) Saginaw Bay Lake Huron Michigan none Any conclusions drawn from analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA or the Coastal Services Center. Coastal Remote Sensing Program TCM Project Scientist mailing and physical address

2234 South Hobson Avenue

Charleston South Carolina 29405 United States (843) 740-1200 csc@csc.noaa.gov EarthData International of Maryland, LLC 7320 Executive Way Frederick, MD 21704 1-301-948-8550 1-301963-2064 The data were evaluated to ensure no voids exisit and the data covers the entire project area. None available. The horizontal accuracy of this lidar data was not assessed. The high vertical accuracy is indicative of good horizontal accuracy, though slight horizontal inaccuracies are difficult to detect using these check points because they were located in relatively flat terrain. Thirty check points collected on generally flat open terrain with a reported accuracy of 0.03 meters were compared to the lidar points. The Guidelines for Digital Elevation Data by NDEP recommends interpolation from a surface generated from a triangulated irregular network (TIN) derived from the lidar point data surrounding the check point for assessing the accuracy of mass points. This method was employed in this evaluation. Elevation values at the location of each of the 30 check points were interpolated from the triangulated bare earth point data. The vertical error at each check point location was calculated by subtracting the interpolated lidar elevation value from the check point elevation value. The 95th percentile error was used to calculate the overall accuracy of the lidar data because the errors were distributed non-parametrically. 0.26 Tested 0.26 meter fundamental vertical accuracy at 95th percentile in open terrain. The fundatmental vertical accuracy at the 95th percentile was calculated with the following equation: Vertical Accuracy = 95th percentile error Terrasurv, Inc 20040927 Unknown 1st model Frederick, MD EarthData International of Maryland electronic mail system 20040608 20040610 Ground Condition GPS Ground Control Twenty-four (24) ground control points were established by Terrasurv, Inc. using GPS for vertical and horizontal coordinate values. Ground control references NAD83, NAVD88, Geoid99, in meters. An additional thirty (30) independent check ground control points were acquired by Terrasurv, Inc. and provided directly to NOAA, CSC to support an independent analysis of the accuracy of the Lidar data. EarthData Aviation 20040927 Unknown model Hagerstown, MD EarthData Aviation CD-ROM 20040427 20040504 Ground Condition EarthData Aviation The project area was flown using EarthData Aviation's Piper Navajo aircraft with tail number 62912. LIDAR data was captured using an ALS40 LIDAR system, including an inertial measuring unit (IMU) and a dual frequency GPS receiver. The acquisition was flown during the period of April 27 2004 through May 4, 2004. One ground based GPS receivers was in constant operation during each flight. During the data acquisition, all receivers collected phase data at an epoch rate of 1 Hz. All GPS phase data was post processed with continuous kinematic survey techniques using "On the Fly" (OTF) integer ambiguity resolution. The GPS data was processed with forward and reverse processing algorithms. The results from each process, using the data collected at the airport, were combined to yield a single fixed integer phase differential solution of the aircraft trajectory. EarthData has developed a unique method for processing LIDAR data. The algorithms for filtering data were utilized within EarthData's proprietary software and commercial software written by TerraSolid. This software suite of tools provides efficient processing for small to large-scale projects and has been incorporated into ISO 9001 compliant production work flows. POINT CLOUD The following is a step-by-step breakdown of the process utilized to produce the variably-spaced point cloud surface data set. 1. Processing of the LIDAR data begins with refinement of the initial boresight alignment parameters provided by EarthData Aviation in the LITES configuration file delivered with the raw data. The technician also verifies that there are no voids, and that the data covers the entire project area. Calibration is accomplished using the tri-directional flight lines over the project airport, which is generally flat and free of major obstructions, trees or brush. Two overlapping bi-directional lines are flown along the length of the runway, and the cross flight line is perpendicular to both. All three lines are examined to ensure that they agree, within expected system tolerances, in the overlapping areas. The technician will review flight lines and locate the areas that contained systematic errors or distortions that were introduced by the LIDAR sensor. 2. Systematic distortions highlighted in step 1 were removed and the data was re-inspected. Corrections and adjustments can involve the application of angular deflection or compensation for curvature of the ground surface that can be introduced by crossing from on type of land cover to another. 3. All flight lines are processed with the refined calibration parameters obtained thru steps 1 and 2. All flight line are examined to ensure that they agree, within expected system tolerances, in the overlapping areas (side lap). 4. The LIDAR data for each flight line was trimmed in batch for the removal of the overlap areas between flight lines. The data was checked against a control network to ensure that vertical requirements were maintained. Conversion to the client-specified datum and projections were then completed. The LIDAR flight line data sets were then segmented into adjoining tiles for batch processing and data management. 5. The data was then edited for Blunder removal. 6. The data was processed interactively by the operator using LIDAR editing tools. During this final phase the operator generated a TIN based on a desired thematic layers to evaluate the automated classification performed in step 5. This allowed the operator to quickly re-classify points from one layer to another and recreate the TIN surface to see the effects of edits. The use of geo-referenced images were toggled on or off to aid the operator in identifying problem areas. The data was also examined with an automated profiling tool to aid the operator in the reclassification. 7. The data was separated into (1) variably-spaced point cloud in LAS files. The files were written to PC readable CD-ROM. EarthData International 20040927 EarthData International of Maryland mailing and physical address

7320 Executive Way

Frederick Maryland 21704 USA 1-301-948-8550 1-301-963-2064 metadata@earthdata.com 9 AM - 5 PM Mon. - Fri. The NOAA Coastal Services Center (CSC) received files in LAS format. The files contained lidar intensity and elevation measurements. CSC performed the following processing on the data to make it available within the Lidar Data Retrieval Tool (LDART): 1. The data were projected from UTM to geographic decimal degrees using the General Cartopgraphic Transformation Package. 2. The las files were sorted by latitude and the las header fields were completed. 20050105 Coastal Remote Sensing Program TCM Project Scientist mailing and physical address

2234 South Hobson Avenue

Charleston South Carolina 29405 United States (843) 740-1200 csc@csc.noaa.gov The NOAA National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) received Lidar data files on external harddrive. The disk contains LiDAR data from the NOAA Coastal Services Center. This data is currently being served via LDART at http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart . This data can be used to re-populate the system. The data are provided on this disk in two forms, ascii x,y,z data and also in LAS format. LAS format is an industry standard for serving LiDAR data. The data are exclusively in geographic coordinates, however, the datums used vary. Most is NAD 83, however some is in ITRF. Vertical systems include both ellipsoid (ITRF and NAD 83) and NAVD 88. For NAVD 88 values, Geiod 03 is primarily used; however, data received in NAVD 88 prior to 2003 was processed using Geoid 99. 20060103 DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC > National Geophysical Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Kelly Stroker Mailing and Physical Address

NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC E/GC1 325 Broadway

Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA (303) 497-4603 (303) 497-6958 (303) 497-6513 kelly.stroker@noaa.gov 7:30-5:00 Mountain Contact Data Center 0 Point Point 1396683 9.63902455075751e-10 6.96747533827617e-10 Decimal degrees North American Datum of 1983 Geodetic Reference System 80 6378137 298.257 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 0.01 meters Explicit elevation coordinate included with horizontal coordinates NOAA Coastal Services Center Coastal Remote Sensing Program Manager mailing and physical address

2234 South Hobson Avenue

Charleston SC 29405-2413 none csc@csc.noaa.gov Any conclusions drawn from analysis of this information are not the responsibility of NOAA or the Coastal Services Center. This data can be obtained on-line at the following URL: http://www.csc.noaa.gov/ldart. DOC/NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC > National Geophysical Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Kelly Stroker Mailing and Physical Address

NOAA/NESDIS/NGDC E/GC1 325 Broadway

Boulder CO 80305-3328 USA (303) 497-4603 (303) 497-6958 (303) 497-6513 kelly.stroker@noaa.gov 7:30-5:00 Mountain Contact Data Center Disclaimer While every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of the current state of the art, NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. The National Geophysical Data Center serves as the archive for this LIDAR data. NGDC should only be contacted for this data if it cannot be obtained from NOAA Coastal Services Center. 20040114 20040114 NOAA Coastal Services Center Keil Schmid Metadata Specialist mailing and physical address

2234 South Hobson Avenue

Charleston SC 29405-2413 none metadata@csc.noaa.gov FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata FGDC-STD-001-1998