gov.noaa.ncdc:C00289 National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Unknown tabular digital data http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov http://www4.ncdc.noaa.gov/ol/documentlibrary/datasets.html#TD9628 http DSI-9628 Documentation NCDC Dataset Documentation for DSI-9628 information Northern Hemisphere Storm (Cyclone) Intensity is historical digital data set DSI-9628, archived at the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). The dataset is for the 15 year period 1924 through 1938. The part of the Northern Hemisphere used in this data is outlined by the following Marsden squares: (numbers are inclusive) 074-082, 109-117, 140-153, 176-190, 214-226, 248-252 and 284-288 in the North Atlantic; and 093-097, 121-132, 157-167, 194-203, 233-235 in the North Pacific Ocean. The following parameters are given for each low pressure area occuring within the geographic boundaries outlined above: Year, month, day, location (by Marsden square number), central sea level pressure (mb) are given; and then for each of the four directions North, East, South and West, the pressure difference from the central pressure (mb) and wind force (Beaufort Force) are given. To make a wide range of climatic data available to researchers and the public. data set C00289 ANEMOMETERS ANEROID PRESSURE SENSOR BAROMETERS WIND VANES BUOYS COASTAL STATIONS SHIPS National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce 19240101 19381231 Ground Condition Complete As Needed -180.0 180.0 90.0 0.0 ISO 19115 Topic Category climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere 004 oceans 014 DIF Discipline Keyword Thesaurus Earth Sciences > Atmosphere > Meteorology Earth Sciences > Atmosphere > Climatology Earth Sciences > Atmosphere > Weather Earth Sciences > Ocean > Oceanography GCMD Sciences Keyword Valids EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA > STORMS EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE > ANTICYCLONES/CYCLONES EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE > DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE > SEA LEVEL PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE > SURFACE PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN PRESSURE > SEA LEVEL PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN WINDS > SURFACE WINDS GCMD Location Valids EUROPE MIDDLE EAST NORTHERN AFRICA EAST ASIA NORTH AMERICA NORTH ATLANTIC OCEAN NORTH SEA BARENTS SEA NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN CHUKCHI SEA NORWEGIAN SEA GCMD Location Valids SEA SURFACE LAND SURFACE COASTAL STATIONS ANEMOMETERS COASTAL STATIONS ANEROID PRESSURE SENSOR COASTAL STATIONS BAROMETERS COASTAL STATIONS WIND VANES BUOYS ANEMOMETERS BUOYS ANEROID PRESSURE SENSOR BUOYS BAROMETERS BUOYS WIND VANES SHIPS ANEMOMETERS SHIPS ANEROID PRESSURE SENSOR SHIPS BAROMETERS SHIPS WIND VANES 1 None None Not provided Unknown No attempt was made to extract wind data over the North Atlantic Ocean, for the years 1927-1929, 1933-1934 inclusive. Only low pressure areas with at least one closed isobar were considered, and shallow lows that maintained their identity for less than two consecutive 1200 GMT charts were discarded. Tropical storms were not included except at a period in their history when they began to take on the appearance of extra-tropical cyclones. On a few occasions, during the years 1924 through 1926 over the North Atlantic Ocean, pressure differences were recorded for only three directions if there was a lack of isobar symmetry in one direction. DSI-9628 is one of NCDC's older data sets (originally it was called Card Deck 627), and was derived from a still older source data set, "Northern Hemisphere Historical Map Series, source 005". No documentation for the older source data set has survived. The oldest surviving DSI-9628 documentation describes the source data set as a 40 year series. The maps used from the "Northern Hemisphere Historical Map Series" were from the 15 year period 1924 through 1938. The part of the Northern Hemisphere used in this data is outlined by the following Marsden squares: (numbers are inclusive) 074-082, 109- 117, 140-153, 176-190, 214-226, 248-252 and 284-288 in the North Atlantic; and 093-097, 121-132, 157-167, 194-203, 233-235 in the North Pacific Ocean. The year, month, day, and location (by Marsden square number) were punched for each low pressure area occurring within the geographical boundaries outlined above. The isobaric difference between the center of each low pressure area and a point 400 statute miles from the center was computed separately for each of the four directions: North, East, South and West. Wind velocities to the nearest Beaufort Force were taken directly from plotted data on the map when available and when considered representative. No attempt was made to extract wind data over the North Atlantic Ocean, for the years 1927-1929, 1933-1934 inclusive. The mean pressure difference was computed by machine methods and entered in whole millibars and tenths, daily for each storm. Only low pressure areas with at least 1 closed isobar were considered, and shallow lows that maintained their identity for less than two consecutive 1200 GMT charts were discarded. Tropical storms were not included except at a period in their history when they began to take on the appearance of extra-tropical cyclones. For the sake of convenience and to facilitate the extraction of pressure differences from the map, an overlay with two circles was drawn to scale and having 400 mile radii was constructed. The first circle was drawn to map scale at 60 degrees latitude and was used to compute pressure difference north of 45 degrees latitude. The second circle drawn to map scale at 30 degrees latitude was used in computation at 45 degrees latitude and below. On some occasions, the centers of two low pressure areas were close together and the highest pressure in one of the four cardinal directions was well within the 400 mile circle. In such cases the pressure difference was taken by using the value at the highest point within the circle, in that particular direction, rather than at the edge of the circle. On a few occasions, during the years 1924 through 1926 over the North Atlantic Ocean, pressure differences were recorded for only three directions if there was a lack of isobar symmetry in one direction. The number of directions was taken into consideration when computing mean pressure differences. Unknown COLUMNS: 1-2 ELEMENT: Year CODE: 24-38 DEFINITION: 1924 through 1938 COLUMNS: 3-4 ELEMENT: Month CODE: 01-12 DEFINITION: January-December COLUMNS: 5-6 ELEMENT: Day CODE: 01-31 DEFINITION: Day of month COLUMNS: 7-9 ELEMENT: Latitude CODE: 074-288 DEFINITION: Mardsen Square Number CODE: Blank DEFINITION: Unknown COLUMNS: 10-12 ELEMENT: Central Pressure (sea level) CODE: 900-999 900 to 999 mbs CODE: 000-099 DEFINITION: 1000 to 1099 mbs CODE: Blank DEFINITION: Unknown Northern Quadrant COLUMNS: 13-14 ELEMENT: Pressure Difference CODE: 01-99 DEFINITION: 1 through 99 mbs CODE: Blank DEFINITION: Unknown COLUMNS: 15-16 ELEMENT: Wind Force CODE: 01-12 DEFINITION: 1-12 Beaufort Force CODE: Blank DEFINITION: Unknown Eastern Quadrant COLUMNS: 17-18 ELEMENT: Pressure Difference CODE: 01-99 DEFINITION: 1 through 99 mbs CODE: Blank DEFINITION: Unknown COLUMNS: 19-20 ELEMENT: Wind Force CODE: 01-12 DEFINITION: 1-12 Beaufort Force CODE: Blank DEFINITION: Unknown Southern Quadrant COLUMNS: 21-22 ELEMENT: Pressure Difference CODE: 01-99 DEFINITION: 1 through 99 mbs CODE: Blank DEFINITION: Unknown COLUMNS: 23-24 ELEMENT: Wind Force CODE: 01-12 DEFINITION: 1-12 Beaufort Force CODE: Blank DEFINITION: Unknown Western Quadrant COLUMNS: 25-26 ELEMENT: Pressure Difference CODE: 01-99 DEFINITION: 1 through 99 mbs CODE: Blank DEFINITION: Unknown COLUMNS: 27-28 ELEMENT: Wind Force CODE: 01-12 DEFINITION: 1-12 Beaufort Force CODE: Blank DEFINITION: Unknown COLUMNS: 29-31 ELEMENT: Mean Pressure Difference CODE: 001-999 DEFINITION: 0.1 through 99.9 mbs COLUMNS: 32-80 CODE: Blank DEFINITION: Not used None National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Customer Services Branch Mailing and physical

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Asheville North Carolina 28801-5001 USA 828-271-4800 828-271-4010 828-271-4876 ncdc.orders@noaa.gov 8:00 - 6:00 Eastern http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/about/ncdcordering.html DSI-9628 Every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of current NOAA quality control procedures. NOAA can only certify that the data provided to its customers is an authentic copy of the records which were accepted for inclusion in NOAA archives. NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. 20060627 20060627 National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Customer Services Branch Mailing and physical

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