gov.noaa.ncdc:C00529 National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Unknown publication http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/fpsf/ Climatic Data for Frost Protected Shallow Foundations (FPSF) is a product available from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). A frost protected shallow foundation (FPSF) is a practical alternative to deeper, more-costly foundations in cold regions with seasonal ground freezing and the potential for frost heave. An FPSF incorporates strategically placed insulation to raise the frost depth around a building, thereby allowing foundation depths as shallow as 16 inches, even in the most severe climates. The most extensive use has been in the Nordic countries, where over one million FPSF homes have been constructed successfully over the last 40 years. The FPSF is considered standard practice for residential buildings in Scandinavia. The objective of this web page is to provide US builders, designers, code officials, and others with the air freezing index (AFI) data necessary to employ FPSF technology. The AFI is a measure of the combined magnitude and duration of air temperatures above and below freezing during any given winter. The AFI, the thermal properties of the soil, and the surface soil cover are the major parameters used to determine the ground freezing potential of a given climate. The amount of insulation required to protect a foundation using FPSF technology has been found to be a function of the AFI. Cost savings to the buyers of new homes using FPSF have been estimated to range from 1% to 4% over the cost of conventional slab-on-grade construction or an annual savings of 00 million nationally. Additional long- term savings are expected from increased energy efficiency. Additional information on AFI is given in the documentation. Additional information on FPSF is also available from the National Association of Home Builders that describes this technology in greater depth. To make a wide range of climatic data available to researchers and the public. Farouki, O. 1992 Cold Regions Res. and Engrg. Lab., Hanover, N.H. U.S. Army Corps of Engrs. Monograph 92-1 NAHB Res. Ctr. 1993 NAHB Res. Ctr., Upper Marlboro, Md. NAHB Res. Ctr. Phase I Report Prepared for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development NAHB Res. Ctr. 1994 NAHB Res. Ctr., Upper Marlboro, Md. NAHB Res. Ctr. Phase II Final Report Prepared for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Gumbel, E.J. 1958 New York, New York Columbia University Press 375 pp. Heiersted, R.S. 1976 Committee on Frost Action in Soils, Royal Norwegian Council for Scientific and Industrial Res. Nr. 17 Oslo, Norway Committee on Frost Action in Soils, Royal Norwegian Council for Scientific and Industrial Res. in Norwegian Hughes, P.Y. Mason, E.H. Karl, T.R. Brower, W.A. 1992 ORNL/CDIAC NDP-042 Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., Oak Ridge, TN. ORNL/CDIAC, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Ctr. 140 pp. Jones, C.W. Miedema, D.G. Watkins, J.S. 1982 Bureau of Reclamation Report No. REC-ERC-82-17 Denver, Colo. Bureau of Reclamation 69 pp. Kite, G.W. 1977 Fort Collins, Colo. Water Resources Publications 224pp. Linnel, K.A. Lobacz, E.F. 1980 U.S. Army Corps of Engrs. Special Report 80-34 Cold Regions Res. and Engrg. Lab., Hanover, NH U.S. Army Corps of Engrs., Cold Regions Res. and Engrg. Lab. Linsley, R.K. Kohler, M. Paulus, J.L.H. 1949 New York, New York McGraw-Hill Book Co. 689 pp. Morris, R.A. 1988 Upper Marlboro, MD. NAHB Res. Ctr. Report prepared for the Society of the Plastics Industry Steurer, P.M. 1985 Asheville, NC Nat. Oc. and Atmospheric Admin., Nat. Climatic Data Ctr. Steurer, P.M. 1989 Frost-protected shallow foundation development program Phase II final report, Appendix A Upper Marlboro, MD NAHB Res. Ctr. Prepared for the Society of the Plastics Industry Steurer, P.M. Crandell, J.H. 1995 J. Cold Reg. Engrg. 9(2), 64-74 Steurer, P.M. 1996 J. Cold Reg. Engrg. 10(1), 25-35 publication C00529 National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Farouki, O. (1992). European foundation designs for seasonally frozen ground. Monograph 92-1, U.S. Army Corps of Engrs., Cold Regions Res. and Engrg. Lab., Hanover, N.H. Frost protected shallow foundations in Residential Construction, 1993. Phase I Report Prepared for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, NAHB Res. Ctr., Upper Marlboro, Md. Frost protected shallow foundations in Residential Construction, 1994. Phase II Final Report Prepared for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, NAHB Res. Ctr., Upper Marlboro, Md. Gumbel, E.J. (1958). Statistics of Extremes. Columbia University Press, New York, New York, 375 pp. Heiersted, R.S. (1976). Frost I Jord (Frost Action in Ground). Committee on Frost Action in Soils, Royal Norwegian Council for Scientific and Industrial Res., Nr. 17, Oslo, Norway (in Norwegian). Hughes, P.Y., E.H. Mason, T.R. Karl, and W.A. Brower (1992). United States Historical Climatology Network daily temperature and precipitation data. ORNL/CDIAC, NDP-042. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Ctr., Oak Ridge Nat. Lab., Oak Ridge, TN. 140 pp. Jones, C.W., D.G. Miedema, and J.S. Watkins (1982). Frost action in soil foundations and control of surface structure heaving. Report No. REC-ERC-82-17, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colo., 69 pp. Kite, G.W. (1977). Frequency and risk analysis in hydrology. Water Resources Publications, Fort Collins, Colo., 224pp. Linnel, K.A. and E.F. Lobacz (1980). Design and construction of foundations in areas of deep seasonal frost and permafrost. Special Report 80-34, U.S. Army Corps of Engrs., Cold Regions Res. and Engrg. Lab., Hanover, NH. Linsley, R.K., M. Kohler, and J.L.H. Paulus (1949). Applied Hydrology. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, New York, 689 pp. Morris, R.A. (1988). Frost-protected shallow foundations: Current state-of-the-art and potential application in the U.S. Report prepared for the Society of the Plastics Industry, NAHB Res. Ctr., Upper Marlboro, MD. http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/fpsf/ http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/fpsf/ http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/fpsf/ 19510101 19801231 Ground Condition Complete As Needed 170.0 -60.0 72.0 15.0 ISO 19115 Topic Category climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere 004 elevation 006 geoscientificInformation 008 structure 017 DIF Discipline Keyword Thesaurus Earth Sciences > Atmosphere > Meteorology Earth Sciences > Atmosphere > Climatology Earth Sciences > Atmosphere > Weather GCMD Sciences Keyword Valids EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ALTITUDE > STATION HEIGHT EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA > FREEZE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE > SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE > TEMPERATURE TENDENCY EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE > MAXIMUM/MINIMUM TEMPERATURE EARTH SCIENCE > CLIMATE INDICATORS > AIR TEMPERATURE INDICES EARTH SCIENCE > HUMAN DIMENSIONS > INFRASTRUCTURE > BUILDINGS EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > FROZEN GROUND > SEASONALLY FROZEN GROUND EARTH SCIENCE > LAND SURFACE > SOILS > PERMAFROST GCMD Science Services Keywords EARTH SCIENCE SERVICES > DATA ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION > VISUALIZATION/IMAGE PROCESSING GCMD Location Valids UNITED STATES OF AMERICA PUERTO RICO GCMD Location Valids LAND SURFACE 1 None None http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/fpsf/ Publications, Data, and Maps GIF, JPEG, PDF, other Not provided Unknown Completeness information not available. Unknown Unknown FPSF is a publication that is available at the NCDC. None National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Customer Services Branch Mailing and physical

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Asheville North Carolina 28801-5001 USA 828-271-4800 828-271-4010 828-271-4876 ncdc.orders@noaa.gov 8:00 - 6:00 Eastern http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/about/ncdcordering.html Every effort has been made to ensure that these data are accurate and reliable within the limits of current NOAA quality control procedures. NOAA can only certify that the data provided to its customers is an authentic copy of the records which were accepted for inclusion in NOAA archives. NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in the data, nor as a result of the failure of the data to function on a particular system. NOAA makes no warranty, expressed or implied, nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. GIF, JPEG, PDF, other http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/fpsf/ http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/fpsf/ http Climatic Data for Frost Protected Shallow Foundations (FPSF) Publications and Data, Maps, Documentation, and other information available Pricing is dependent on customer order specifications. Please contact NCDC for information on fees and terms for retreiving the Data Set or Product. http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/about/ncdcordering.html 20060627 20060627 National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Customer Services Branch Mailing and physical

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Asheville North Carolina 28801-5001 USA 828-271-4800 828-271-4010 828-271-4876 ncdc.metadata@noaa.gov 8:00 - 6:00 Eastern Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata: Extensions for Remote Sensing Metadata FGDC-STD-012-2002