gov.noaa.ncdc:C00587 National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Unknown tabular digital data http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/data_sub/re_anal.html http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/data_sub/re_anal.html http Atlantic Hurricane Database Re-analysis Project Information, Documentation, Publications, and Data Atlantic Basin and North American Hurricane Database Re-analysis Project is digital data set DSI-9630, archived at the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC). This data set consists of a re-analysis of the Atlantic basin tropical storm and hurricane database for the period of 1851 to the present time. This re-working and extension back in time of the main archive for tropical cyclones of the North Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico was necessary to correct systematic and random errors and biases in the data as well as well as to incorporate the most recent historical analyses. The re-analysis project provides the revised tropical storm and hurricane database, a metadata file detailing individual changes for each tropical cyclone, a center fix file of raw tropical cyclone observations, a collection of U.S. landfalling tropical storms and hurricanes, and comments from replies to the National Hurricane Centers Best Track Change Committee. This record also contains comprehensive information on the only hurricane that has directly impacted the California Coast (1858) and A Re-analysis of Hurricane Andrew's Intensity (1992). HURDAT (hurricane database) is the official record of tropical storms and hurricanes for the Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea and includes those that have made landfall within the United States. This database is utilized for a wide variety of purposes: setting of appropriate building codes for coastal zones, risk assessment for emergency managers, analysis of potential losses for insurance and business interests, intensity forecasting techniques, verification of official and model predictions of track and intensity, seasonal forecasting, and climatic change studies. To make a wide range of climatic data available to researchers and the public. data set C00587 ANEMOMETERS BAROMETERS DRIFTING BUOYS DROPSONDES DROPWINDSONDES HYGROMETERS RADIOSONDES TEMPERATURE SENSORS THERMOMETERS VISUAL OBSERVATIONS WAVE HEIGHT GAUGES WIND VANES AIRCRAFT BUOYS COASTAL STATIONS DROPWINDSONDES RADIOSONDES SHIPS National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Abraham, J., G. Parkes and P. Bowyer, 1998: The transition of the Saxby Gale into and extratropical storm. Preprints of the 23rd Conference onHurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Dallas, Texas,795-798. Academia de Ciencias, 1970: Atlas Nacional de Cuba. Havana, Cuba, 132 pp. Alexander, W. H., 1902: Hurricanes, especially those of Puerto Rico and St. Kitts. Bulletin 32, Weather Bureau, U.S. Department of Agriculture,Washington, D.C., 79 pp. Barnes, J., 1998a: Floridas Hurricane History. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 330 pp. Barnes, J., 1998b: North Carolinas Hurricane History. The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill, 256 pp. Bender, M. A., R. E. Tuleya, and Y. Kurihara, 1985: A numerical study of the effect of a mountain range on a landfalling tropical cyclone. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 567-582. Boose, E. R., K. E. Chamberlin, and D. R. Foster, 2001: Landscape and regional impacts of hurricanes in New England. Ecological Monographs, 71, 27-48. Boose, E. R., M. I. Serrano, and D. R. Foster, 2002: Landscape and regional impacts of hurricanes in Puerto Rico. (In preparation.) Callaghan, J. and R. K. Smith, 1998: The relationship between maximum surface wind speeds and central pressure in tropical cyclones. Aust. Met. Mag., 47, 191-202. Cardone, V. J., J. G. Greenwood, and M. A. Cane, 1990: On trends inhistorical marine wind data. J. Climate, 3, 113-127. Cline, I. M., 1926: Tropical Cyclones, The Macmillan Company, New York, 301 pp. Coch, N. K. and B. Jarvinen, 2000: Reconstruction of the 1893 New York City hurricane from meteorological and archaeological records Implications for the future. Preprints of the 24th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Ft. Lauderdale,FL, 546. Connor, 1956: Preliminary Summary of Gulf of Mexico Hurricane Data.Report from the New Orleans Forecast Office.Department of Interior, 1895: Report on Population of the United Statesat th http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/data_sub/re_anal.html http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/Data_Storm.html http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/Data_Storm.html 18510101 Present Ground Condition In work As Needed -130.0 -15.0 68.0 0.0 ISO 19115 Topic Category climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere 004 elevation 006 environment 007 oceans 014 DIF Discipline Keyword Thesaurus Earth Sciences > Atmosphere > Meteorology Earth Sciences > Atmosphere > Climatology Earth Sciences > Atmosphere > Weather Earth Sciences > Ocean > Oceanography GCMD Sciences Keyword Valids EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA > CYCLONES EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA > HURRICANES EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA > TYPHOONS EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE > ANTICYCLONES/CYCLONES EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE > SEA LEVEL PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE > SURFACE PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > ATMOSPHERIC WINDS > SURFACE WINDS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > COASTAL PROCESSES > STORM SURGE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN PRESSURE > SEA LEVEL PRESSURE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN WAVES > STORM SURGE EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > OCEAN WINDS > SURFACE WINDS EARTH SCIENCE > OCEANS > TIDES > STORM SURGE GCMD Location Valids ATLANTIC OCEAN PACIFIC OCEAN GCMD Location Valids TROPOSPHERE SEA SURFACE BUOYS DRIFTING BUOYS SHIPS VISUAL OBSERVATIONS DROPWINDSONDES DROPWINDSONDES AIRCRAFT DROPSONDES RADIOSONDES RADIOSONDES BUOYS WAVE HEIGHT GAUGES BUOYS ANEMOMETERS BUOYS THERMOMETERS BUOYS TEMPERATURE SENSORS BUOYS BAROMETERS BUOYS WIND VANES SHIPS WAVE HEIGHT GAUGES SHIPS ANEMOMETERS SHIPS THERMOMETERS SHIPS TEMPERATURE SENSORS SHIPS BAROMETERS SHIPS WIND VANES COASTAL STATIONS HYGROMETERS COASTAL STATIONS THERMOMETERS COASTAL STATIONS BAROMETERS COASTAL STATIONS WIND VANES COASTAL STATIONS ANEMOMETERS 1 None None http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/Data_Storm.html Browse Atlantic Hurricane Database Re-analysis Project Data Text, XLS, JPEG Not provided Unknown Completeness information not available. Unknown Unknown There are seven files that make up the Re-Analysis project.1) The revised Atlantic HURDAT: This contains six-hourly intensity (maximum sustained 1-minute winds at the surface [10 m] and, when available, central pressures) and position (to the nearest 0.1 degree latitude and longitude) estimates of all known tropical storms and hurricanes. This file also contains direction of movement in degrees and speed (mph and kph). This file is in column format with headers of: ELEMENT: MonthEXAMPLE: AugustELEMENT: DayEXAMPLE: 20ELEMENT: HourEXAMPLE: 12 UTCELEMENT: LatitudeEXAMPLE: 13.4NELEMENT: LongitudeEXAMPLE: 48.0WELEMENT: DirectionEXAMPLE: 280 DegELEMENT: SpeedEXAMPLE: 16 mph 25 kphELEMENT: WindEXAMPLE: 50mph 70 kphELEMENT: PressureEXAMPLE: 961 mbELEMENT: TypeEXAMPLE: Hurricane - Category 32) A HURDAT metafile: This documentation file has detailed information about each change in the revised HURDAT. Included are the original HURDAT values of position and/or intensity, the revised values in HURDAT, and the reasoning behind the changes. Format is in text form.3) A "center fix" file: A file has been created that is composed of raw observations of tropical cyclone positions (thus center fixes) and intensity measurements from either ships or coastal stations. This file is in column format with the headers of: ELEMENT: Date FORMAT: mm/dd/yyyyELEMENT: Time FORMAT: UTC ELEMENT: Wind/DirectionFORMAT: knotsELEMENT: Pressure FORMAT: whole mb DESCRIPTION: If the sea level pressure measurement was determined to be a central pressure, a C was indicated after the value. Otherwise, the pressure value was considered to be a peripheral (either eyewall or rainband environment of the storm) observation. ELEMENT: Location FORMAT: Nearest 0.1 degree latitude and longitude ELEMENT: Source DESCRIPTION: Sources are either from coastal or inland station data or from ship data (in quotation marks). 4) A U.S. landfalling tropical storm and hurricane database: This file contains information on the exact time, location, intensity, radius of maximum winds (RMW), environmental sea level pressure and storm surge for continental U.S. landfalling (and those whose centers do not make landfall, but do impact land) tropical storms and hurricanes. This file is in column format with the headers of:ELEMENT: #/Date FORMAT: mm/dd/yyyyDESCRIPTION: Day and time when the circulation center crossed the U.S. coastline (including barrier islands). Time was estimate to the nearest hour for the period of 1851 to 1899 and to the nearest ten minutes for the period of 1900 to 1910.ELEMENT: TimeFORMAT: ZuluELEMENT: Location FORMAT: DegreesDESCRIPTION: To the nearest 0.1 degree latitude and longitudeELEMENT: Maximum Winds FORMAT: knotsDESCRIPTION: Estimated maximum sustained 1-min surface (10 m) winds to occur along the U.S. coast. Winds are estimated to the nearest 10 kt for the period of 1851 to 1885 and to the nearest 5 kt for the period of 1886 to 1910.ELEMENT: Saffir-Simpson category numberDESCRIPTION: The estimated Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale at landfall based upon maximum sustained surface winds. TS indicates that the hurricanes center made landfall, but that hurricane force wind remained offshore.ELEMENT: RMWDESCRIPTION: The radius of maximum winds at the surface (primarily for the right front quadrant of the hurricane), if available.ELEMENT: Storm surgeFORMAT: PercentageDESCRIPTION: Maximum observed storm surge, if available. Though a higher value may have occurred, it might not have been recorded.ELEMENT: Central PressureFORMAT: mbDESCRIPTION: The observed (or analyzed from peripheral pressure measurements) minimum central pressure of the hurricane at landfall. Central pressure values in parentheses indicate that the value was a simple estimation (based upon a wind-pressure relationship) and not directly observed or calculated.ELEMENT: Environmental PressureFORMAT: mbDESCRIPTION: The sea level pressure at the outer limits of the hurricane circulation determined by moving outward from the storm center to the first anticyclonically turning isobar in four equally spaced directions and averaging the four pressures thus obtained.ELEMENT: States AffectedDESCRIPTION: The impact of the hurricane on individual U.S. states based upon the Saffir-Simpson Scale (again through the estimate of the maximum sustained surface winds at each state). (ATX-South Texas, BTX-Central Texas, CTX-North Texas, LA-Louisiana, MS-Mississippi, AL-Alabama, AFL-Northwest Florida, BFL-Southwest Florida, CFL-Southeast Florida, DFL-Northeast Florida, GA-Georgia, SC-South Carolina, NC-North Carolina, VA-Virginia, MD-Maryland, DE-Delaware, NJ-New Jersey, NY-New York, PA-Pennsylvania, CT-Connecticut, RI-Rhode Island, MA-Massachusetts, NH-New Hampshire, ME-Maine. In Texas, south refers to the area from the Mexican border to Corpus Christi; central spans from north of Corpus Christi to Matagorda Bay and north refers to the region from north of Matagorda Bay to the Louisiana border. In Florida, the north-south dividing line is from Cape Canaveral [28.45N] to Tarpon Springs [28.17N]. The dividing line between west-east Florida goes from 82.69W at the north Florida border with Georgia, to Lake Okechobee and due south along longitude 80.85W.)5) NHC Best Track Change Committee comments: This file provides detailed comments from the NHC Best Track Change Committee - a group tasked with approving alterations to the HURDAT database. Replies by the authors to the various comments and recommendations are also included. Format is in text form.6) A Re-analysis of Hurricane Andrew's (1992) Intensity: This file contains thepreliminary estimates of Hurricane Andrew's intensities, the changes made in detail and the reasons why they were made. Format is in text form.7) The San Diego Hurricane of October 2, 1958: This file contains comprehesive information of a hurricane that directly impacted San Diego nearly 150 years ago. This includes data sources, newspaper accounts, observations and damage reports. Format is in text form. None National Climatic Data Center, NESDIS, NOAA, U.S. Department of Commerce Customer Services Branch Mailing and physical

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Asheville North Carolina 28801-5001 USA 828-271-4800 828-271-4010 828-271-4876 ncdc.metadata@noaa.gov 8:00 - 6:00 Eastern Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata: Extensions for Remote Sensing Metadata FGDC-STD-012-2002