OCEAN DRILLING PROGRAM July 1990 DATA FILE DOCUMENTATION SEDIMENT/SEDIMENTARY ROCK LITHOLOGY I. INTRODUCTION The Sediment/Sedimentary Rock Lithology data file contains the visual descriptions of the cores collected on JOIDES Resolution. These descriptions were written by participating shipboard scientists on each cruise as the cores were retrieved from the ocean floor. The classification scheme used by the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) on Legs 101-118 was the same as that used in the latter days of the Deep Sea Drilling Project, and can be found in the "Explanatory Notes" chapters of the Legs 101-118 Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports volumes. The classification scheme used by ODP from Leg 119 onward can be found in Mazzullo and Graham (1988). The data file allows a record for every sediment layer described by the shipboard party, however, it requires that there be a minimum of one record per section. This means that the data file views each layer as having a maximum thickness of a single section (1.5 meters). If in fact the geologic layer is greater than 1.5 meters, it is then represented by two or more records. In computerizing the Sediment/Sedimentary Rock Lithology data, keywords were used for several of the data items (see Section VI). The use of keywords facilitates data searches and helps to standardize the data. If you have problems or questions concerning these data, please contact: Data Librarian, Data Base Group Ocean Drilling Program Texas A&M University Research Park 1000 Discovery Drive College Station, Texas 77845-9547 U.S.A. (979) 845-8495, 845-2673 Easylink (Telex) Number: 62760290 Email: database@odpemail.tamu.edu Fax Number: 979-845-4857 II. LEGS IN THE DATA FILE The data file contains data from Legs 101 to 129. No Sediment/Sedimentary Rock Lithology data were collected on Legs 102 and 109. III. BIBLIOGRAPHY Explanatory Notes chapters, 1986 - present. In Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports. Mazzullo, J. M. and A. G. Graham, 1988, "Handbook for Shipboard Sedimentologists", Ocean Drilling Program Technical Note #8. "Shipboard Scientist's Handbook", Ocean Drilling Program Technical Note #3, 1987. IV. DATA ITEM FORMATS The following table lists the data items and their formats. For data requests other than on paper (ie. on magnetic tape), an accompanying sheet will contain any additional information needed to read the data. SEDIMENTARY LITHOLOGY ITEMS FORMAT ============================== ========= LEG Integer 3 SUBLEG Text 1 SITE Integer 4 HOLE Text 1 CORE Integer 3 CORETYPE Text 1 SECTION Text 2 OBSERVER Text 4 TOP_INTERVAL Integer 3 PIECE_NUMBER_TOP Integer 3 SUB_PIECE_TOP Text 1 BOTTOM_INTERVAL Integer 3 PIECE_NUMBER_BOTTOM Integer 3 SUB_PIECE_BOTTOM Text 1 LITHOLOGY Text 300 COLOR Text 300 COLOR_NUMBER Text 300 STRUCTURES Text 300 DRILLING_DEFORMITIES Text 300 UNUSUAL_OCCURRENCES Text 300 MINERALS Text 300 PALEONTOLOGY Text 300 OTHER or COMMENTS Text 300 INDURATION Text 300 MORE_DATA_AVAILABLE Text 1 CODE Text 40 V. EXPLANATION OF THE SEDIMENT/SEDIMENTARY ROCK LITHOLOGY DATA ITEMS LEG - Number identifying the cruise. The Ocean Drilling Program started numbering the cruises of the JOIDES Resolution at Leg 101. SUBLEG - Letter identifying a subleg or transit. A subleg is the continuation of a Leg after a port call; it often involves a crew change. SITE - Number identifying the site. A site is the position of a beacon around which holes are drilled. HOLE - Letter identifying the hole. CORE - Number identifying the core. Cores are numbered serially from the top of the hole downward. CORETYPE - A letter code identifying the drill bit/coring method used to retrieve the core. The coretype codes are: B - Drill Bit C - Center Bit D - Positive Displacement H - Hydraulic (Advanced) Piston Core M - Miscellaneous N - Downhole Mud Motor (Navidrill) P - Pressure Core Barrel R - Rotary S - Side Wall Core W - Wash Core X - Extended Core Barrel SECTION - A core is cut into 1.5-meter-long sections that are numbered serially from the top of the core. A core with full recovery will have 7 sections and a core catcher and be approximately 9.8 meters long. OBSERVER - Three or four letter code identifing the person who described the interval. TOP_INTERVAL - The location of the top of the unit being described within a section in centimeters. PIECE_NUMBER_TOP - Number identifying a rock piece located at the top of the unit being described. A piece is one rock fragment or a group of rock fragments that can be fitted together. SUB_PIECE_TOP - Letter identifying an individual rock fragment within a piece located at the top of the unit being described. BOTTOM_INTERVAL - The location of the bottom of the unit being described within a section in centimeters. PIECE_NUMBER_BOTTOM - Number identifying a rock piece located at the bottom of the unit being described. A piece is one rock fragment or a group of rock fragments that can be fitted together. SUB_PIECE_BOTTOM - Letter identifying an individual rock fragment within a piece located at the bottom of the unit being described. LITHOLOGY - Lithologic name given to the sediment or sedimentary rock layer being described. COLOR - Color or colors of the sediment or sedimentary rock layer being described. COLOR_NUMBER - Color number or numbers from the Munsell color chart that identifies the color of the sediment or sedimentary rock layer being described. STRUCTURES - Includes any structures (other than those resulting from drilling) found in the layer being described. DRILLING_DEFORMITIES - Contains information about deformation resulting from drilling. UNUSUAL_OCCURRENCES - Contains information about any unusual occurrences found in the lithology being described. MINERALS - Lists any specific minerals mentioned in the lithologic description. PALEONTOLOGY - Lists macrofossils and microfossils mentioned in the lithologic description. OTHER or COMMENTS - Includes other observations or comments that do not fit into any of the other data items. INDURATION - Description of the relative hardness of the lithology. MORE_DATA_AVAILABLE - A "Y" (for "yes") indicates that more data or information was available on the paper form, but could not be included in the data file, for example any additional diagrams drawn by the observer. CODE - This is a manually supplemented code for areas where no smear slide data are available. It is for internal use only. VI. KEYWORD LIST The following is a list of keywords used for the data items indicated. LITHOLOGY See Explanatory Notes in Initial Reports hardground hole (holes in core surrounded by other material), see OTHER also COLOR See Munsell Soil Color Chart, Blebs COLOR NUMBER See Munsell Soil Color Chart STRUCTURES algal biscuit angular unconformit anticline arcuate fault asymmetric fold ball & pillow structure band bed (layer) bed(ding) fault biogenic structure bioturbat (minor, moderate, strong) boring boudinage burrow (see also infilled burrow) chevron fold Chondrites climbing ripples coarsening compact complete shell concretion contort convoluted bed core-in-core structure cross bed cross lamina cross stratifi current ripple cylindrichnus dewatering vein diapir dip fault discontinuit(-ies or -y) drag fold dropstone fault fining flame structure flaser bed fold fossil (general) fracture geode structure gouge graded bed (precede with Normal or Reverse) imbrication infilled burrow isolated pebbles and cobbles lamin (-ae, -ation) layer lenticular bed load cast macrofault massive bedding megafossil micro-cross lamin microfault microstylolite mottl mud crack pillow basalt planolites rhythmic bed scour soured, sharp contact seam shell slickenside slide fold slump (structure, block, fold) solution feature stylolite (see also microstylolite) teichichnus unconformit(-ies or -y) varve vein (seam) vuggy water escape pipe wavy bed wood fragment Zoophycos DRILLING DEFORMITIES SOFT SEDIMENTS highly disturbed moderately disturbed slightly disturbed soupy HARD SEDIMENTS drilling breccia highly fragmented moderately fragmented slightly fractured drilling contact UNUSUAL OCCURRENCES calcite crystal calcite rhomb chondrule concretion contact metamorphism dolomite crystal dolomite rhomb dropstone erratic evaporite geode hydrocarbon hydrogen sulfide odor manganese nodule manganese clast marcasite micronodule (see OTHER also) microtektite methane odor nodule oil oolite ooid pebble peloid phosphorite nodule phosphorite clast pisolite (see PALEONTOLOGY also) precious metal pumice red bed rework spherule spherulite tektite volcanogenic (use only if really unusual in leg) MINERALS AG (for silver) anhydrite AU (for gold) basalt fragment biotite calcite carbon fragment celestite chert chlorite coal corundum CU (for copper) dolomite FE (for iron) ferric ferrous aggregate garnet glass glauconite goethite gypsum halite lignite marcasite metal metallic spherule mica microcrystalline quartz MN (for manganese) muscovite NI (for nickel) nontronite opal opaque mineral phosphorite pumice pyrite rock fragment sericite smectite terrigenous detritus topaz tourmaline volcan zeolite PALEONTOLOGY algae ammonoid annelid Aptychi archeomonad bioclast bivalve bryozoan cephalopod coal coccolith conodont copsolite coral diatoms echinoid fecal pellet fish teeth foram(s) foraminifer gastropod hydrozoan lignite mollusc nannos oncoid oncolite organic other fossil otolith pellet pelecypod (bivalve used for pelecypod) pisolite (see UNUSUAL also) plant plant material pollen pteropod radiolarian sapropel scolecodont serpulid shell silicoflagellate skeletal spicule spine unidentified calcareous fossil unidentified siliceous fossil unidentified fossil material OTHER blebs (if no color assoc.) burrow (typically comments on size or shape) carbonate fragment cement (spar) chicken-wire fabric clast(s) clay (when unsure if CaCO3 or terrigenous) cohesive contact (adjectives include: lower, upper, inclined, sharp, gradational) dissolution (of shell material) dropstone ... fabric fracture grain aggregate grain hardground (see LITHOLOGY also) hole (holes surrounded by other material) see LITHOLOGY also intraclast(s) lithoclast(s) matrix (adjectives include: ooze) micrite moldic (use as adjective for porosity) mosaic chicken wire fabric muddy mud-supported (used when refering to debris flows (e.g. floatstone), which, by definition contain mud but are not necessarily mud-supported) porosity possible downhole contamination possible terrigenous component sandy inclusion silty (used in OTHER when lithology is carbonate) texture (adjectives include: sucrosic turbidite (adjectives include: probable, distal vug INDURATION indurat lithified partly lithified unlithified ABBREVIATIONS across = diameter aherm = ahermatypic benth = benthic comp. = component crs = coarse (always use the abbrv) dn = down esp = especially frag(s) = fragment(s) herm = hermatypic irreg = irregular med = medium mtx = matrix plank = planktonic textr = texture RECORD FORMAT ON FILE FOR THE SEDIMENT / SEDIMENTARY ROCK LITHOLOGY DATA SET COLUMN DATA ITEMS ON FILE ================================== ============ LEG 2-4 SUBLEG 5-5 SITE 6-9 HOLE 10-10 CORE 11-13 CORETYPE 14-14 SECTION 15-16 OBSERVER 17-20 TOP_INTERVAL 21-23 PIECE_NUMBER_TOP 24-26 SUB_PIECE_TOP 27-27 BOTTOM_INTERVAL 28-30 PIECE_NUMBER_BOTTOM 31-33 SUB_PIECE_BOTTOM 34-34 LITHOLOGY 35-334 COLOR 335-634 COLOR_NUMBER 635-934 STRUCTURES 935-1234 DRILLING_DEFORMITIES 1235-1534 UNUSUAL_OCCURRENCES 1535-1834 MINERALS 1835-2134 PALEONTOLOGY 2135-2434 OTHER 2435-2734 INDURATION 2735-3034 MORE_DATA_AVAILABLE 3035-3035 CODE 3036-3075